There are moments in the history of human thought when a simple realization transforms our understanding of reality. A moment ...

In a tokamak, D-shaped electromagnets are arranged in a ring around a central column, producing a circulating (toroidal) magnetic field ... achieved in a 5-second burst at the Joint European Torus ...

According to simulations, this portion is more of a torus, or donut shape ... But the simulations suggest that the inner Oort Cloud is not a nice, even, toroidal disk at all. Rather, it mirrors the ...

Vector, scalar, and hybrid electromagnetic toroidal vortices. Recently, a major breakthrough in the field of optical toroidal vortices has been achieved and published in Science Advances [11(8 ...

The 8-tonne cryopumps, each a 1.6-meter diameter, 3.5-meter long steel cylinder, contain complex precision mechanics. They incorporate what is believed to be the world’s largest all-metal vacuum ...

The successful operation of the ITER fusion reactor depends critically on the performance of its complex cryogenic pumps, or cryopumps. These sophisticated devices, designed for operation at ...