The motor cortex directly connects to the facial nucleus in the pons and, in turn, to the cranial nerve VII, which innervates the facial ... Although there is no developed and validated grimace scale ...

The nerve supply is from the 9th Cranial nerve. This nerve also supplies to certain parts of the ear, which would explain why patients complain of ear pain after tonsillectomy. The adenoids are ...

From their adorable snort to bulging eyes and ever-endearing waddle, smush-faced dogs are increasing in popularity due to ...

The vagus nerve messenger The vagus nerve, the longest of your cranial nerves, serves as a direct communication channel between your brain and digestive organs. Through this nerve highway ...

However, this “lumbar dorsal ramus syndrome” could not tell the specific nerve level based on their articles. In this paper, we review the normal and pathological anatomy of the spinal dorsal ramus ...

The ventricular coronary arterial system of the dog displays preponderance of the left in 100 per cent of the animals studied. The single most important source of blood supply is the left circumflex ...

Different conditions can affect the nerves serving the lip muscles. These include the facial nerve (cranial nerve 7) and the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve 5) which run along both sides of your face.