The voltage before the spark occurred is related ... Also, for a 10mm spark gap, for example, taking the square root of 10mm and multiplying by 1.3 means you’re adding an insignificant 4.1 ...

The r.m.s. value of an a.c. signal is equal to the value of direct current (d.c.) which would have the same effect or energy change as the a.c. The r.m.s. voltage of an a.c. signal is always less ...

In the example above, the red line shows the number of divisions to be measured - 4 divisions for this trace. Peak voltage \(V_{p} = divisions \times Y gain\) \(V_{p}= 4 \times 0.5\) \(V_{p}= ...