Toroidal vortices, common in fluid dynamics, are newly explored in electromagnetism as two distinct forms: vector toroidal ...

If one applies a DC electric field antiparallel to the polarization ... further studies investigating the polar-interaction-driven toroidal polar topology they uncovered. In addition, it could ...

Most famous of these is probably the toroidal propeller that made waves a while ago, mostly in the field of flying drones, but commercial toroidal boat props exist too. Test results of the ...