KERATRAUNT: It’s a war of atrocities ... Thousands died, but there was no decisive victory. Napoleon would keep his armies in Spain for five years, unable to break the will of the Spanish ...

Napoleon dominated Europe, but Spain and Portugal became his greatest military disaster. The Peninsular War turned into an endless, costly conflict, forcing the French to fight against both a ...

Napoleon lost everything because of a trade war. His tale holds lessons and warnings ... modern economics (and whose tricentennial is this year). Napoleon nevertheless rejected Smith’s vision ...

His soldiers mourned; Napoleon wept openly. He wrote to Lannes' widow: "I [have lost] the most distinguished general in my army, my companion in arms for sixteen years, and… my best friend." ...

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