Unlike the geographic poles, which are fixed, magnetic poles are fluid, constantly wandering due to the dynamic nature ... Earth's magnetic field is not a perfect dipole; it has anomalies and ...

The toroidal motion naturally appears due to turbulence in a variety of ... which were previously thought to be of magnetic ...

The magnetic response of a materials is largely determined by the magnetic dipole moment associated with the intrinsic angular momentum, or spin, of its electrons. A material’s response to an ...