The magnetic response of a materials is largely determined by the magnetic dipole moment associated with the intrinsic angular momentum, or spin, of its electrons. A material’s response to an ...

Dipole toroidal modes are a unique set of excitations that are predicted to occur in various physical systems, ranging from atomic nuclei to metamaterials. What characterizes these excitations, or ...

What happens in that precise moment is what Hagen ... energizes and excites the nucleus, causing it to become magnetic and flip. This action, called the magnetic dipole transition, is dominated ...